What is Glaucoma?
Glaucoma, also known as green cataract, is a chronic eye disease that leads to damage to the optic nerve and can eventually cause vision loss. The condition usually develops gradually and goes unnoticed for a long time because the initial damage to the visual field is barely noticeable.
In glaucoma, the optic nerve is affected, interfering with communication between the eye and the brain. This can result in impaired vision, with the outer parts of the visual field being affected first. Without timely treatment, glaucoma can progress and eventually lead to blindness. Regular eye examinations are therefore crucial to detect glaucoma early and limit further damage.
Causes of glaucoma.
Glaucoma is usually caused by increased eye pressure(intraocular pressure), which damages the optic nerve. This is because the chamber water in the eye is not drained properly, which builds up pressure and affects the optic nerve.
Major risk factors:
- Increased eye pressure - the main cause of glaucoma.
- Heredity - if glaucoma runs in the family, the risk is higher.
- Age - starting at age 40, the risk increases.
- Eye disorders - such as high myopia or farsightedness.
- Certain medications - long-term use of corticosteroids can increase eye pressure.
- Eye trauma - damage to the eye can interfere with chamber water drainage.
- Blood pressure problems - both high and low blood pressure can affect the optic nerve.
Symptoms of glaucoma
Glaucoma often causes no symptoms at first, so it may go unnoticed. As the disease progresses, the following symptoms may occur:
- Reduced peripheral vision - The field of vision gradually shrinks, which can lead to tunnel vision.
- Blurred vision - Especially with increased eye pressure, vision may become cloudy.
- Halos around light sources - Circles of light or glare around lamps and car lights.
- Eye pain and headache - Especially in acute glaucoma, sometimes accompanied by nausea.
- Redness of the eye - Possible with a sudden increase in eye pressure.
Because glaucoma can cause irreparable damage to the optic nerve, early diagnosis is crucial. Regular checkups with the ophthalmologist are therefore essential.
Would you like more advice about your eye condition? Consult our ophthalmologist at the eye clinic!
Our highly specialized surgeons do a thorough diagnosis and discuss with you objectively all options and the pros and cons.
Glaucoma types
Open-angle glaucoma (chronic)
This is the most common form, characterized by high eye pressure, abnormal optic nerve and abnormal visual field. In the early stages, this form is easily treatable. In open-angle glaucoma, the drainage system is partially blocked, so the eye pressure inside the eye rises (usually > 21 mmHg). If the eye pressure is too high for a long time, it leads to damage and gradual death of the optic nerve fibers and loss of vision.
- a high eye pressure
- an abnormal optic nerve
- and an abnormal field of vision
Closed-angle glaucoma (acute)
This acute form of glaucoma is much less common than chronic glaucoma, but is dangerous because it can cause severe vision loss and even blindness in a short period of time. In closed-angle glaucoma, the drainage system is completely shut down, with eye pressure rising very sharply in a short period of time (often only a few hours), often to > 50 mmHg.
- Nuisance while driving, reading, working with the computer
- Poorer vision in twilight or darkness
- With severe loss of vision tunnel vision occurs
- With advanced glaucoma, the central part of the eye can eventually be affected and blindness can result.
Diagnosis of glaucoma
Glaucoma is best detected before symptoms appear.
Only an eye pressure measurement gives a false sense of security. Not everyone with elevated eye pressure gets glaucoma, because some people's optic nerve cells tolerate higher eye pressure. On the other hand, not everyone with normal eye pressure is safe, because some people have sensitive optic nerve cells that already die at an eye pressure < 21 mmHg. Often, additional poor blood flow to the eye is the cause.
Eye fundus examination (internal eye viewing to determine abnormalities of the retina) is used to see to what extent the optic nerve shows a hollowing. It can also be determined by photographs. Increasing hollowing at successive visits, is a sign of glaucoma. Other examination methods:
Eye pressure measurement with non-contact or contact method.
Visual field examination or perimetry to detect blind areas early, long before one notices them oneself.
Gonioscopy (examination of the anterior chamber angle) to determine the shape of glaucoma.
Pachymetry (examination of corneal thickness) as a correction meter for the measured eye pressure value.
"Scheimpflug" analysis (examination of the anterior chamber[angle]).
OCT analysis of the optic nerve and nerve fiber layers.
Treatment of glaucoma
Treatment of glaucoma: eye drops
Eye drops are the first choice in treating glaucoma and lower eye pressure by reducing the production of eye fluid or improving drainage. This helps prevent further damage to the optic nerve.
Types of eye drops
- Prostaglandin analogues: Improve the drainage of eye fluid.
- Beta blockers: Reduce the production of eye fluid.
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors & alpha agonists: Act on both mechanisms.
- Miotics: Increase drainage but are less commonly used.
Correct use of eye drops
Wash hands, tilt head back and drop a drop into the eye. Press the inner corner of the eye for a few seconds to prevent the drop from draining through the tear duct.
Side effects of eye drops and follow-up.
Possible side effects include dry eyes, redness and temporary blurriness. Regular monitoring with an ophthalmologist specializing in glaucoma is essential to monitor the effectiveness of treatment.
Treatment of glaucoma: trabeculoplasty
What is Laser Trabeculoplasty?
Laser Trabeculoplasty is an effective and minimally invasive treatment for glaucoma, a condition in which increased eye pressure can cause damage to the optic nerve. During the procedure, a laser is used to enhance the trabeculum meshwork, a drainage system in the eye. This allows excess eye fluid to drain better, lowering eye pressure.
This treatment is quick, safe and painless, and can help slow the progression of glaucoma and reduce the risk of further damage to vision. Laser Trabeculoplasty is an excellent option for patients whose eye pressure cannot be adequately controlled with eye drops or other therapies.
Treatment of glaucoma: STENT
What is stent surgery for glaucoma?
Stent surgery for glaucoma is an innovative and minimally invasive procedure that helps lower eye pressure and slow the progression of glaucoma. In this treatment, a small stent, often smaller than a grain of rice, is placed in the eye to drain excess eye fluid. This improves the eye's natural drainage system, which helps regulate eye pressure.
This technique is particularly suitable for patients with mild to moderate glaucoma, especially when eye drops or other treatments are ineffective. Stent surgery is a safe and effective solution that can reduce dependence on medication and improve quality of life. Thanks to advanced technology, recovery is quick and the risk of complications is minimized.
Meet our experienced ophthalmologists
Focus Eye Clinic is led by two renowned physicians, each with approximately 20 years of experience in innovative eye care. Together, they bring more than 35 years of expertise, which was built and passed on by two previous generations of Focus Eye Clinic owners. This rich history makes us leaders in the world of ophthalmology.
Our doctors combine precision, safety and the latest technologies to help you achieve a glasses-free future. Meet the driving forces behind our clinic and your glasses-free future.
Dr. Bart PION - Specialist in refractive surgery
Dr. Bart Pion received his degree in Medicine magna cum laude from the Free University of Brussels in 2002. He specialized in cataract, vitreoretinal and refractive surgery, with a strong focus on precision and innovation.
His continuous development is supported by regular participation in renowned training courses and international congresses, where he always embraces the latest techniques and innovations.
Dr. Nashwan Al-Sabai - Expert in eye laser treatments
Dr. Nashwan Al-Sabai received his degree in Medicine from the Free University of Brussels in 2006. His passion for ophthalmology led him to further specialization, culminating in the prestigious title of Fellow of the European Board of Ophthalmology (FEBO). With a strong focus on innovation and continuous development, he is a respected expert in cataract and corneal surgery.
35 years of expertise and confidence in eye care
The latest eye laser technology, unique in Belgium
Swiss precision from Ziemer Z8 Femto laser for hyper personalized treatments.
A team of experienced ophthalmologists for optimal care
With more than 2,000 surgeries per year and 35 years of experience, we have the expertise needed to give your eyes the best care.
High patient satisfaction through personalized approach
We do our utmost every day for our patients. Togetherness, caring and excellence. These are our values for which I stand.
A comfortable and pleasant setting for your treatment
Warm and personalized welcome in stylish surroundings.
Always the best eye care for your eye condition
High-tech equipment for optimal eye care
Investing in the latest technology for the best results
At Focus Eye Clinic, we combine expertise and innovation with state-of-the-art equipment in ophthalmology aimed at treating a variety of eye conditions. With technologies such as the Ziemer Z8 Femtolaser and WaveLight® EX500 excimer laser, we perform refractive treatments (including Femto-LASIK, PRK and SMILE) with unparalleled precision.
For cataract surgery, we use advanced systems such as the Zeiss CALLISTO, IOLMaster 700 and Alcon Centurion Vision System, resulting in highly accurate implant measurements and predictable results. In addition, we use the Heidelberg Spectralis HRA-OCT, Pentacam® HR and Nidek OPD-Scan III to comprehensively diagnose a variety of eye conditions.
In the treatment of dry eyes, we deploy LipiScan and LipiFlow, among others, for lasting relief of symptoms. Thanks to this innovative equipment, Focus Eye Clinic offers safe, efficient and personalized eye care of the highest quality - fully tailored to your individual needs.
Personal approach and customized care
At Focus Eye Clinic, your care is paramount. Our team of nurses, optometrists and assistants work together with one goal: improving your vision. From your first moment of contact to your final checkup, we will guide you with a personalized and caring approach.
A multidisciplinary team for your treatment:
Our experienced multidisciplinary team offers a wide range of ophthalmic treatments. After an initial diagnosis, we refer you to the doctor who best suits your specific needs, ensuring you receive the highest quality of care.
Your personal point of contact:
Throughout the entire procedure, a permanent assistant is available to you. She knows your file inside out and ensures that all your questions are answered quickly and clearly. If necessary, she will put you in direct contact with the right doctor.
Fast and efficient follow-up
We strive to offer you an appointment within two weeks and plan with you the most convenient time. This efficient system ensures a smooth and personalized experience, allowing you to concentrate fully on your treatment.
A luxurious and comfortable setting at Focus Eye Clinic
At Focus Eye Clinic, we believe that medical treatment should be not only effective, but also comfortable and soothing. Therefore, we have designed our clinic with an eye for luxury and comfort, so that you feel completely at ease from the very first moment.
Our modern and stylish spaces exude calm and confidence, and are designed to provide you with a relaxing experience. From the warm welcome at reception to the comfortable waiting areas and state-of-the-art treatment rooms, every detail has been carefully chosen with your well-being in mind.
At Focus Eye Clinic, we combine advanced technology with luxurious surroundings, so you can enjoy the highest quality care in a setting that exudes peace and confidence. Your health and comfort are our priority, and you will notice that with every visit.
