Chalazion : - causes, symptoms and treatment by an ophthalmologist
What is a chalazion and how can an ophthalmologist treat it?
What is a chalasion
A chalazion, also called a cyst on the eyelid, is a painless swelling caused by a blockage of the sebaceous glands in the eyelid. It occurs when the Meibom glands, which produce an oily substance for the tear film, become clogged. This allows the sebum to accumulate and form a thickened cyst.
A chalazion is often confused with a hordeolum or External/internal stye , but while a hordeolum is usually acute and painful, a chalazion develops gradually and is often painless. The condition can occur on both the upper eyelid and lower eyelid and varies in size. Sometimes it disappears on its own, but in other cases treatment by an ophthalmologist may be necessary.
People with a chalazion eye may experience visual field limitation, eyelid swelling or mild redness around the eyelid. In some cases, a chalazion may inflame and cause an infection. Repeated chalazia may involve an underlying eyelid inflammation or blepharitis.
Causes of chalasion
Factors that can cause a chalazion:
- Blepharitis (eyelid inflammation): Chronic inflammation of the eyelid margins increases the risk of a blockage.
- Oily skin or acne rosacea: People with oily skin have increased sebum production, which can promote constipation.
- Frequent rubbing of the eyes: This can irritate the sebaceous glands and cause blockages.
- Insufficient eye hygiene: Dirty lenses or makeup residue can cause inflammation and blockages in the glands.
- Hormonal fluctuations: Hormonal changes can affect sebum production.
- Underlying eye diseases: Conditions such as blepharitis or meibomian gland dysfunction can contribute to the development of a chalazion.
Symptoms of chalasion
A chalazion is a painless swelling on the eyelid caused by a blockage of the Meibom glands. At first, it may look like a laceration, but it grows slowly and can obstruct vision. Common symptoms include:
- Painless swelling on the upper or lower eyelid
- Redness and mild irritation of the eyelid
- Sensation of pressure on the eye as the swelling becomes large
- Blurred vision as the chalazion presses on the eye
- Sometimes mild pain or sensitivity, especially with inflammation
Although a chalazion is usually harmless, it may persist or grow. An ophthalmologist can assess whether treatment is needed, especially if it causes discomfort or does not go away on its own.
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Treatment of chalasion
Treatment of a chalazion with heat massage and anti-inflammatory ointment
A chalazion, also known as a cyste on the eyelid, can be effectively treated with a combination of a heat mask and an anti-inflammatory eye ointment. The heat mask liquefies the sebum in the clogged glands, removing the blockage and reducing swelling. Applying the mask to the eyelid for 10 to 15 minutes stimulates the glands' natural drainage system, which is essential for faster recovery.
After the heat massage, gentle massage of the eyelid can help further open the sebaceous gland. An anti-inflammatory ointment for chalazion, as prescribed by an ophthalmologist, is then applied to reduce inflammation and prevent further growth of the chalazion.
For optimal treatment, it is recommended to apply this method several times a day and observe good eyelid hygiene. This reduces the chance of recurrent chalazia and promotes long-term healthy eyelids. Consult an eye clinic or eye center if the chalazion does not disappear or worsen within a few weeks.
Incision of chalasion: surgery
When heat massage does not provide a solution, a chalazion can also be surgically removed. This is a minor procedure performed under local anesthesia. The surgeon makes a small incision on the inside of the eyelid and removes the contents of the gerstein grain. Because the procedure is done along the inside of your eyelid, sutures are not necessary and you will not be left with a scar from the procedure. Afterwards, a pressure bandage is applied.
Your eyelid will feel painful for a few days after this treatment. You may retain a small hematoma in the eyelid due to the eyelid manipulation. For the first 24h after removal of the gerstein grain, do not rub the eye. This may cause bleeding because the wound has not healed completely.
Local anesthesia
Small incision on the inside of your eyelid
Content of the gerstein grain is removed
Pressure bandage
Our eyelid surgeons
Dr. Philippe Greant
Dr. Philippe Gréant is an experienced plastic and aesthetic surgeon with more than 30 years of practical experience. After 13 years of training at the University Hospitals of Brussels, he obtained his legal accreditation in plastic-aesthetic surgery. He also took additional training courses in France and the United Kingdom.
During his career, Dr. Gréant has developed a broad expertise in various techniques within plastic surgery, ranging from microsurgery and hand surgery to general plastic and aesthetic surgery. Today, he focuses primarily on aesthetic facial surgery, applying advanced techniques to achieve natural results.
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Dr. Karel Goyvaerts is an experienced and dedicated ophthalmologist trained at the University of Antwerp. With a strong scientific background and years of practical experience, he is committed to providing patients with the best possible eye care. His analytical precision and patient-centered approach ensure that each treatment is precisely tailored to the individual needs of his patients. At Focus Eye Clinic, Dr. Goyvaerts strives to make complex eye problems clear and accessible. His friendly and professional approach makes him a trusted physician for patients from diverse backgrounds. His bilingualism in Dutch and French allows him to put a wide range of patients at ease. Dr. Goyvaerts continues to continually study the latest developments in ophthalmology and is a valued member of our team.
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